Ka pilina ma waena o nā Proteins, Peptides, a me Amino Acids
Nā Proteins: Nā macromolecules hana i hoʻokumu ʻia e hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā kaulahao polypeptide e pelu ana i loko o nā hale kikoʻī ʻekolu-dimensional ma o helices, sheets, etc.
ʻO nā kaulahao Polypeptide: Nā molekole e like me ke kaulahao i haku ʻia me ʻelua a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā amino acid i hoʻopili ʻia e nā paʻa peptide.
Nā ʻAmina Amino: ʻO nā poloka kūkulu kumu o nā protein; ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau ʻano ma ke ʻano.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā protein i nā kaulahao polypeptide, a ʻo ia hoʻi he mau amino acids.
Ke Kaʻina hana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka protein a me ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i loko o nā holoholona
Mamua o ka waha: Hoʻopau kino ʻia ka meaʻai ma ka nau ʻana i ka waha, e hoʻonui ana i ka ʻili o ka ʻili no ka digestion enzymatic. No ka nele o ka waha i nā enzyme digestive, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe mechanical.
ʻO ka wehe mua ʻana i ka ʻōpū:
Ma hope o ke komo ʻana o nā protein i ʻoki ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū, hoʻokaʻawale ka waikawa gastric iā lākou, e hōʻike ana i nā paʻa peptide. A laila hoʻohiolo ʻo Pepsin i nā protein i loko o nā polypeptides molecular nui, a laila komo i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.
Ka ʻai ʻana i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi: ʻO Trypsin a me chymotrypsin i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi e wāwahi hou i nā polypeptides i loko o nā peptides liʻiliʻi (dipeptides a i ʻole tripeptides) a me nā waikawa amino. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū ma o nā ʻōnaehana transport amino acid a i ʻole ka ʻōnaehana lawe peptide liʻiliʻi.
I loko o ka meaʻai holoholona, ʻo nā mea ʻāpana protein-chelated trace a me nā mea liʻiliʻi peptide-chelated trace e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka bioavailability o nā mea trace ma o ka chelation, akā ʻokoʻa lākou i kā lākou hana absorption, kūpaʻa, a me nā hiʻohiʻona pili. Hāʻawi kēia i kahi loiloi hoʻohālikelike mai nā ʻano ʻehā: ka hana absorption, nā hiʻohiʻona i kūkulu ʻia, nā hopena noi, a me nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono.
1. Mechanism Absorption:
| Hōʻike Hoʻohālikelike | Nā ʻElemu Huakaʻi Protein-chelated | Nā Mea Huli Liʻiliʻi Peptide-chelated |
|---|---|---|
| Wehewehe | Hoʻohana nā Chelates i nā protein macromolecular (e laʻa, hydrolyzed plant protein, whey protein) ma ke ʻano he mea lawe. Hoʻokumu nā iona metala (e laʻa, Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺) i nā mea paʻa me ka hui carboxyl (-COOH) a me nā amino (-NH₂) o nā koena ʻakika amino. | Hoʻohana i nā peptides liʻiliʻi (i haku ʻia me 2-3 amino acids) i mea lawe. Hoʻokumu nā ion metala i nā chelates apo ʻelima a ʻeono paha me nā pūʻulu amino, pūʻulu carboxyl, a me nā hui kaulahao ʻaoʻao. |
| Alanui Hoopio | Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā proteases (e laʻa, trypsin) i loko o ka ʻōpū i loko o nā peptides liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā waikawa amino, e hoʻokuʻu ana i nā ion metala chelated. A laila, komo kēia mau iona i ke kahe koko ma o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana a i ʻole ka lawe ikaika ʻana ma o nā ala ion (e laʻa, DMT1, ZIP/ZnT transporters) ma nā pūnaewele epithelial intestinal. | Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia e like me nā chelates paʻa pololei ma o ka peptide transporter (PepT1) ma nā ʻāpana epithelial intestinal. I loko o ke kelepona, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ion metala e nā enzyme intracellular. |
| Nā palena | Inā lawa ʻole ka hana o nā enzyme digestive (e laʻa, i nā holoholona ʻōpio a i ʻole ke kaumaha), ua haʻahaʻa ka pono o ka haki ʻana o ka protein. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻohaunaele mua ʻana o ka hale chelate, e ʻae ana i nā ion metala e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e nā mea anti-nutritional e like me ka phytate, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana. | Kaʻalo i ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū o ka ʻōpū (e laʻa, mai ka phytic acid), a ʻaʻole hilinaʻi ka absorption i ka hana enzyme digestive. He kūpono no nā holoholona ʻōpio me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻole a i ʻole nā holoholona maʻi/nawaliwali. |
2. Nā hiʻohiʻona a me ke kūpaʻa:
| ʻano ʻano | Nā ʻElemu Huakaʻi Protein-chelated | Nā Mea Huli Liʻiliʻi Peptide-chelated |
|---|---|---|
| Kaumaha Molekala | Nui (5,000~20,000 Da) | Liʻiliʻi (200~500 Da) |
| Ka Paʻa Paʻa Chelate | ʻO nā paʻa hoʻohui like ʻole, akā ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike molecular paʻakikī e alakaʻi i ka paʻa maʻamau. | Hiki i ka conformation peptide pōkole maʻalahi ke hoʻokumu i nā hale apo paʻa. |
| Hiki ke hoʻopilikia | Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia e ka ʻakika gastric a me nā loli i loko o ka pH intestinal. | ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka waikawa a me ka alkali; ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka ʻōpū. |
3. Nā hopena noi:
| Hōʻike | Pākīpika Chelates | Li'ili'i Peptide Chelates |
|---|---|---|
| Bioavailability | Pili i ka hana enzyme digestive. Pono i nā holoholona makua olakino, akā emi nui ka maikaʻi i nā holoholona ʻōpio a kaumaha paha. | Ma muli o ke ala o ka absorption pololei a me ka hoʻolālā paʻa, ʻo ka bioavailability o ka trace element he 10% ~ 30% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka protein chelates. |
| Hoʻonui i ka hana | Nawaliwali ka hana, e lawelawe ana ma ke ano he mea lawe i ka trace element. | Loaʻa nā peptides liʻiliʻi i nā hana e like me ka hoʻoponopono immune a me ka hana antioxidant, e hāʻawi ana i nā hopena synergistic ikaika me nā mea trace (e like me ka Selenomethionine peptide e hāʻawi i ka selenium supplementation a me nā hana antioxidant). |
4. Nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono a me nā manaʻo hoʻokele waiwai:
| Hōʻike | Nā ʻElemu Huakaʻi Protein-chelated | Nā Mea Huli Liʻiliʻi Peptide-chelated |
|---|---|---|
| Holoholona kūpono | ʻO nā holoholona makua olakino (e laʻa, ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā puaʻa, nā moa hoʻomoe) | ʻO nā holoholona ʻōpio, nā holoholona ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi, nā ʻano wai kiʻekiʻe |
| Koina | Haʻahaʻa (hiki ke loaʻa nā mea maka, ka hana maʻalahi) | ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe (ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka synthesis peptide liʻiliʻi a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe) |
| Ka hopena o ke kaiapuni | Hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻole ʻia i loko o nā feces, hiki ke hoʻohaumia i ke kaiapuni. | Kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻohana ʻana, haʻahaʻa ka pilikia o ka pollution kaiapuni. |
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo:
(1) No nā holoholona me nā mea kiʻekiʻe o ka trace element a me ka nawaliwali o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana (e laʻa, nā puaʻa, nā moa, nā ʻōpae ʻōpae), a i ʻole nā holoholona e koi ana i ka hoʻoponopono wikiwiki ʻana i nā hemahema, ʻōlelo ʻia nā peptide chelate liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano he koho mua.
(2) No nā hui koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi me ka hana hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau (e laʻa, nā holoholona a me nā moa i ka pau ʻana o ka pae hope), hiki ke koho ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe protein-chelated.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-14-2025
