ʻO ke keleawe klorida Tribasic

Ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana alakaʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā mea trace holoholona ma Kina, ua loaʻa iā SUSTAR ka ʻike nui ʻia mai nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka home a me ka honua no kāna mau huahana kiʻekiʻe a me nā lawelawe kūpono. ʻO ka tribasic copper chloride i hana ʻia e SUSTAR ʻaʻole wale mai nā mea maka maikaʻi loa akā ke hele nei hoʻi i nā kaʻina hana holomua i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hale hana like ʻē aʻe.

Hana Kino o ke Keleawe

1. Hana ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka enzyme: He kuleana koʻikoʻi ia i ka pigmentation, neurotransmission a me ka metabolism o nā carbohydrates, nā protein a me nā amino acid.

2. Hoʻolaha i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ʻula koko ʻulaʻula: Hoʻolaha ia i ka synthesis o ka heme a me ka maturation o nā ʻula koko ʻulaʻula ma ka mālama ʻana i ka metabolism maʻamau o ka hao.

3. Hoʻokomo i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko a me nā iwi: Hoʻokomo ʻia ke keleawe i ka synthesis o ka collagen a me ka elastin, paipai i ka haku mele ʻana o nā iwi, mālama i ka elasticity o nā kīʻaha koko a me ka ossification o nā ʻōpū lolo a me ke kaula spinal.

4. Hoʻokomo i ka hana ʻana o ka pigment: Ma ke ʻano he cofactor tyrosinase, hoʻololi ʻia ka tyrosine i premelanosome. ʻO ka nele o ke keleawe e alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka hana tyrosinase, a ua ālai ʻia ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka tyrosine i melanin, e hopena ana i ka mae ʻana o ka huluhulu a me ka emi ʻana o ka maikaʻi o ka lauoho.

Ka nele o ke keleawe: anemia, emi ʻana o ka maikaʻi o ka lauoho, haki, osteoporosis, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kino o ka iwi

1
2

Ka Pono o ka Huahana

  • Helu 1ʻOi aku ka Bioavailability ʻOi aku ka palekana o ka TBCC a ʻoi aku ka loaʻa ʻana o nā broilers ma mua o ke keleawe sulfate, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hana kemika ma mua o ke keleawe sulfate i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka oxidation o ka huaora E i ka meaʻai.
  • Helu 2Hiki i ka TBCC ke hoʻonui i nā hana o AKP a me ACP a hoʻopilikia i ke ʻano o ka microflora ʻōpū, ʻoiai ke alakaʻi nei i ke kūlana o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hōʻiliʻili keleawe i loko o nā ʻiʻo.
  • Helu 3Hiki i ka TBCC ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hana antioxidant, nā pane pale.
  • Helu 4ʻAʻole hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka TBCC i ka wai, ʻaʻole omo i ka makū, a he ʻano hui maikaʻi kona.

Hoʻohālikelike ma waena o Alpfa TBCC a me Beta TBCC

Mea

ʻAlapfa TBCC

Beta TBCC

Nā ʻano kristal ʻAtaʻO Kamite a meʻAtacamite Botallackite
ʻO Dioxins a me PCBS Hoʻomalu ʻia Hoʻomalu ʻia
Nā palapala noiʻi honua a me ka ʻatikala o ka bioavailability o TBCC Mai ka alpha TBCC, ua hōʻike nā lula ʻEulopa e ʻae wale ʻia ka alpha TBCC e kūʻai ʻia aku ma ka Eu He kakaikahi loa nā ʻatikala i hana ma muli o ka beta TBCC
Ua loli ke kala a me ka hoʻopili ʻanaʻoihananā hemahema He paʻa ke aniani Alpha TBCC a ʻaʻole e paʻa a loli ke kala. ʻO ke ola o ka papa he ʻelua-ʻekolu mau makahiki. ʻO ka makahiki papa Beta TBCCʻeluamakahiki.
Kaʻina hana Pono ʻo Alpha TBCC i ke kaʻina hana hana koʻikoʻi (e like me ka pH, ka mahana, ka nui o ka ion, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe), a ʻo nā kūlana synthesis he koʻikoʻi loa ia. ʻO Beta TBCC kahi hopena neutralization acid-base maʻalahi me nā kūlana synthesis wehe
Hoʻohuihui like ʻana ʻO ka nui o nā ʻāpana maikaʻi a me ka umekaumaha kikoʻī liʻiliʻi, e hopena ana i ka hoʻohuihui ʻana i ka like ʻana i ka wā o ka hana hānai Me nā ʻāpana ʻāwiliwili a me ke kaumaha koʻikoʻi i paʻakikī ke kāwili ʻana i ka like.
helehelena  Pauka ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā, wai maikaʻi, a ʻaʻohe caking Pauka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele, maikaʻi ke kahe ʻana, a ʻaʻohe caking
ʻAno kristal α-ʻanoʻano porous, e kōkua ana i ka wehe ʻana i nā mea haumia ʻAno Betaʻano porous, e kōkua ana i ka wehe ʻana i nā mea haumia)

ʻAlapfa TBCC

ʻAtakmite

Paʻa ka ʻōnaehana kristal tetragonal Atacmite

Paratacamite

Paʻa ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka kristal trigonal Paratacamite

α-TBCC

ʻAno paʻa, a me ka maikaʻi o ka wai, ka paʻa ʻole a me ke kaʻina mālama lōʻihi

1.α-TBCC

Koi ikaika no ke kaʻina hana, a me ka mana koʻikoʻi o ka dioxin a me ka PCB, ka nui o ka palaoa maikaʻi a me ka homogeneity maikaʻi

Hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā ʻano Diffraction o α-TBCC e kūʻē i ka American TBCC

Kiʻi 1 Ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ke ʻano diffraction o Sustar α-TBCC (Batch 1)

Kiʻi 1 Ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ke ʻano diffraction o Sustar α-TBCC (Batch 1)

Kiʻi 2 Ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ke ʻano diffraction o Sustar α-TBCC (Batch 2)

Kiʻi 2 Ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ke ʻano diffraction o Sustar α-TBCC (Batch 2)

Loaʻa iā Sustar α-TBCC ka morphology aniani like me ka American TBCC 1

Loaʻa iā Sustar α-TBCC ka morphology aniani like me ka TBCC ʻAmelika

Sustar

α-TBCC

 

ʻAtakmite

 

Paratacamite

Pūʻulu 1 57% 43%
Pūʻulu 2 63% 37%

Beta TBCC

ʻO ka Botallakekite
ʻAno kristal monoclinic Botallackite
β-TBCC
TBCC

He paʻa ke ʻano o ka kristal trigonal Paratacamite

Hōʻike ka ʻikepili thermodynamic he kūpaʻa maikaʻi ko ka Botallackite

ʻO ka β-TBCC ka mea nui i haku ʻia me Botallackite, akā aia pū kekahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka oxychlorite.

Maikaʻi ka wai, maʻalahi ke kāwili ʻana

ʻO ka ʻenehana hana no ka hopena neutralization waikawa a me ka alkali. Ka pono hana kiʻekiʻe

Ka nui o nā ʻāpana maikaʻi, ka like ʻana o ke ʻano

Nā Pōmaikaʻi o nā Mineral Trace Hydroxylated

KELEPA SULPATE
Nā Pōmaikaʻi o nā Mineral Trace Hydroxylated

Hoʻopaʻa ionic

Cu2+a pēlā aku42-ua hoʻopili ʻia e nā pilina ionic, a ʻo ka ikaika o ka pilina nāwaliwali e hoʻolilo ai i ke keleawe sulfate i mea hoʻoheheʻe loa i ka wai a pane nui i nā meaʻai a me nā holoholona.

Hoʻopaʻa covalent

Hoʻopaʻa like nā hui Hydroxyl i nā mea metala e hōʻoia i ke kūpaʻa o nā minelala i ka meaʻai a me ke ala ʻōpū o luna o nā holoholona. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia kā lākou lakio hoʻohana o nā ʻōpū i manaʻo ʻia.

Ke koʻikoʻi o ka ikaika o ka hoʻopaʻa kemika

Ikaika loa = ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e nā holoholona Nawaliwali loa = Inā lilo ia i mea manuahi i loko o ka meaʻai a me ke kino o ka holoholona i ka wā ʻōpiopio, e hana nā iona metala me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe i loko o ka meaʻai, e hoʻolilo ana i nā mea mineral a me nā meaʻai i mea hana ʻole. No laila, hoʻoholo ka pilina covalent i kona kuleana i ka manawa a me kahi kūpono.

Nā ʻano o TBCC

1. Haʻahaʻa ka omo ʻana o ka wai: Pale pono ia i ka TBCC mai ka omo ʻana o ka makū, ka paʻa ʻana, a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ka oxidative, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka hānai, a maʻalahi hoʻi ka lawe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kūʻai ʻia aku i nā ʻāina a me nā wahi haumākū.

2. Hoʻohuihui maikaʻi: Ma muli o kona mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me ka wai maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hui maikaʻi ʻana i ka meaʻai a pale i nā holoholona mai ka lāʻau make keleawe.

Ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o nā kumu keleawe like ʻole i nā hopena like ʻole
Hōʻike ʻo α≤30° i ka wai maikaʻi

Hōʻike ʻo α≤30° i ka wai maikaʻi

Ke kāwili ʻana i ke ʻano like o nā kumu keleawe like ʻole

(Zhang ZJ et al. Acta Nutri Sin, 2008)

3. Ka emi ʻana o ka nalowale o nā meaʻai: Hoʻopili like ʻia ʻo Cu2+ e hoʻokō i ke kūpaʻa o ke kūkulu ʻana, hiki ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o nā huaora, phytase, a me nā momona i ka meaʻai.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka ʻike VE i nā hui kumu keleawe like ʻole ma luna o nā manawa mālama like ʻole
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻike phytase ma waena o nā hui keleawe like ʻole i ka manawa mālama like ʻole

(Zhang ZJ et al. Acta Nutri Sin, 2008)

4. Bioavailability kiʻekiʻe: Hoʻokuʻu mālie a emi iho ka Cu2+ i loko o ka ʻōpū, hoʻemi i kona nakinaki ʻana i ka waikawa molybdic, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka bioavailability, a ʻaʻohe hopena antagonistic ma FeSO4 a me ZnSO4 i ka wā omo.

ʻO ka bioavailability pili o nā kumu keleawe like ʻole

(Spear et al., ʻEpekema Hānai Holoholona a me ka ʻenehana, 2004)

5. ʻOno maikaʻi: Ma waena o nā kumu e hoʻopilikia ana i ka ʻai ʻana i nā holoholona, ​​​​​​ke mahalo nui ʻia nei ka ʻono o ka meaʻai a hōʻike ʻia ma o ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai. ʻO ka waiwai pH o ke keleawe sulfate ma waena o 2 a me 3, me ka ʻono maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ka pH o TBCC kokoke i ka kū ʻole, me ka ʻono maikaʻi.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me CuSO4 ma ke ʻano he kumu o Cu, ʻo TBCC ke koho ʻē aʻe maikaʻi loa

ʻO CuSO4

Nā mea maka

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mea maka no ka hana ʻana o ke keleawe sulfate e komo pū me ke keleawe metala, ke keleawe concentrate, nā ores oxidized a me ka slag keleawe-nickel.

ʻAno kemika

Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Cu2+ a me SO42- e nā pilina ionic, a nāwaliwali ka ikaika o ka pilina, ka mea e hoʻoheheʻe loa ai ka huahana i ka wai a pane nui i nā holoholona.

Ka hopena omo ʻana

Hoʻomaka ia e hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka waha, me ka haʻahaʻa o ka omo ʻana

ʻO ke keleawe klorida Tribasic

Nā mea maka

He huahana ia i hana ʻia ma nā ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe; ʻo ke keleawe i loko o ka hopena keleawe ka mea maʻemaʻe loa a kūlike loa

ʻAno kemika

Hiki i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pilina covalent ke pale i ke kūpaʻa o nā minelala i ka hānai a me ka ʻōpū holoholona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka helu hoʻohana ʻana o Cu i nā ʻōpū i manaʻo ʻia.

Ka hopena omo ʻana

Hoʻoheheʻe pololei ia i loko o ka ʻōpū, me ka wikiwiki o ka omo ʻana

Ka hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana o TBCC i ka hana mahi holoholona

Ka hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana o TBCC i ka manu
Ka hopena o ka hoʻopili ʻana o TBCC i ka puaʻa
Ka hopena o ka hoʻopili ʻana o TBCC i ka iʻa

Hoʻonui nui ʻia ka awelika o ke kaumaha o ke kino o nā moa broiler ke hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻohui ʻana o TBCC.

(Wang et al., 2019)

Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana o TBCC ke hōʻemi nui i ka hohonu o ka crypt ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, hoʻonui i ka hana secretory, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke olakino o ka hana ʻōpū.

(Coble et al., 2019)

Ke hoʻohui ʻia ʻo 9 mg/kg TBCC, hiki ke hoʻonui nui ʻia ka lakio hoʻololi hānai a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka pono o ka hoʻoulu ʻana

(Shao et al., 2012)

Ka hopena o ka hoʻohana ʻana o TBCC i nā pipi
Ka hopena o ka hoʻopili ʻana o TBCC i nā hipa

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kumu keleawe ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana o TBCC (20 mg/kg) ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha o nā bipi i kēlā me kēia lā a hoʻonui i ka ʻai ʻana a me ka metabolism o ka rumen.

(Engle et al., 2000)

Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka TBCC ke hoʻonui nui i ka loaʻa kaumaha o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka lakio hānai-loaʻa o nā hipa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono hoʻohānau.

(Cheng JB et al., 2008)

Nā Pōmaikaʻi Hoʻokele Waiwai

Kumukūʻai CuSO4

Kumukūʻai hānai no kēlā me kēia tona 0.1kg * CIF usd/kg =

Ke hoʻolako ʻia ka nui like o ke kumu keleawe, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana o Cu i nā huahana TBCC a hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ke kumukūʻai.

Kumukūʻai TBCC

Kumukūʻai hānai no kēlā me kēia tona 0.0431kg * CIF usd/kg =

Ua hōʻoia ka nui o nā hoʻokolohua he mau pono kona o ka hoʻohana haʻahaʻa a me ka hopena hoʻoulu ulu maikaʻi no nā puaʻa.

RDA o TBCC

Hoʻohui, ma mg/kg (e ka element)
ʻAno holoholona Paipai ʻia ma ka ʻāina Ka palena hoʻomanawanui kiʻekiʻe loa Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Sustar
Puaʻa 3-6 125 (Puaʻa) 6.0-15.0
Mea hoʻomoʻa 6-10   8.0- 15.0
Pipi   15 (Ma mua o ka ruminant) 5-10
30 (Nā bipi ʻē aʻe) 10-25
Hipa   15 5-10
Kao   35 10-25
Nā ʻano ʻili palahalaha   50 15-30
ʻO kekahi poʻe   25  

Koho Kiʻekiʻe o ka International Group

He mau makahiki ka lōʻihi o ka hui ʻana o Sustar me CP Group, Cargill, DSM, ADM, Deheus, Nutreco, New Hope, Haid, Tongwei a me kekahi mau ʻoihana hānai nui TOP 100 ʻē aʻe.

5. Hoa

Ko mākou Kiʻekiʻe

Hale Hana
16. Nā Ikaika Koʻikoʻi

He Hoa Hilinaʻi

Nā hiki ke noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana

Ke hoʻohui nei i nā talena o ka hui e kūkulu i ka Lanzhi Institute of Biology

I mea e hoʻolaha a hoʻohuli i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana holoholona ma ka home a ma waho, ua hoʻokumu nā ʻaoʻao ʻehā i ka Xuzhou Lianzhi Biotechnology Research Institute, ke Aupuni Apana ʻo Tongshan, ke Kulanui ʻAi Mahiʻai ʻo Sichuan a me Jiangsu Sustar i Dekemaba 2019.

ʻO Polopeka Yu Bing o ka Animal Nutrition Research Institute o ke Kulanui Mahiʻai ʻo Sichuan i lawelawe ma ke ʻano he dean, ʻo Polopeka Zheng Ping lāua ʻo Polopeka Tong Gaogao i lawelawe ma ke ʻano he hope dean. Ua kōkua nā polopeka he nui o ka Animal Nutrition Research Institute o ke Kulanui Mahiʻai ʻo Sichuan i ka hui loea e hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā holomua ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana i ka ʻoihana mahiʻai holoholona a hoʻolaha i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana.

Keʻena hoʻokolohua
Palapala Hōʻoia SUSTAR

Ma ke ʻano he lālā o ke Komite ʻenehana Lahui no ke Kūlana Hoʻohālikelike o ka ʻOihana Hānai a me ka mea lanakila o ka China Standard Innovation Contribution Award, ua komo ʻo Sustar i ka hoʻolālā ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i 13 mau kūlana huahana aupuni a ʻoihana paha a me 1 kūlana hana mai ka makahiki 1997.

Ua hala ʻo Sustar i ka palapala hōʻoia ʻōnaehana ISO9001 a me ISO22000 FAMI-QS huahana palapala hōʻoia, loaʻa iā ia he 2 mau palapala Sila Nui i hana ʻia, 13 mau palapala Sila Nui hoʻohālike pono, ʻae ʻia he 60 mau palapala Sila Nui, a ua hala i ka "Standardization of noble property management system", a ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe hou ma ka pae aupuni.

Nā lako hana hoʻokolohua a me nā lako hana hoʻokolohua

ʻO kā mākou laina hana hānai i kāwili mua ʻia a me nā lako hoʻomaloʻo i ke kūlana alakaʻi i ka ʻoihana. Loaʻa iā Sustar ka chromatograph wai hana kiʻekiʻe, ka spectrophotometer absorption atomic, ka spectrophotometer ultraviolet a me ka ʻike maka ʻia, ka spectrophotometer fluorescence atomic a me nā mea hana hoʻāʻo nui ʻē aʻe, ka hoʻonohonoho piha a holomua.

Loaʻa iā mākou ma mua o 30 mau kauka meaʻai holoholona, ​​​​​​kauka holoholona, ​​​​​​nā loiloi kemika, nā ʻenekinia lako a me nā ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe i ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai, ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hale hana, e hāʻawi i nā mea kūʻai aku me kahi laulā o nā lawelawe mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka formula, ka hana huahana, ka nānā ʻana, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka papahana huahana a me ka noi ʻana a pēlā aku.

Nānā maikaʻi

Hāʻawi mākou i nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo no kēlā me kēia pūʻulu o kā mākou huahana, e like me nā metala kaumaha a me nā koena microbial. Kūlike kēlā me kēia pūʻulu o nā dioxins a me PCBS me nā kūlana EU. I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka palekana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana.

Kōkua i nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻopau i ke kānāwai o nā mea hoʻohui hānai ma nā ʻāina like ʻole, e like me ke kau inoa ʻana a me ka waiho ʻana ma ka EU, USA, ʻAmelika Hema, Middle East a me nā mākeke ʻē aʻe.

Hōʻike hoʻāʻo

Ka Mana Hana

Hale Hana

Ka mana hana huahana nui

Keleawe sulfate-15,000 tons/makahiki

TBCC -6,000 tons/makahiki

TBZC -6,000 tons/makahiki

Potassium chloride -7,000 tons/makahiki

ʻO ka moʻo Glycine chelate -7,000 tons/makahiki

ʻO ka moʻo peptide chelate liʻiliʻi-3,000 tons/makahiki

Manganese sulfate -20,000 tons / makahiki

Ferrous sulfate-20,000 tons/makahiki

Zinc sulfate -20,000 tons/makahiki

Premix (Vitamina/Mineral)-60,000 tons/makahiki

ʻOi aku ma mua o 35 mau makahiki o ka mōʻaukala me ʻelima mau hale hana

He ʻelima mau hale hana a Sustar group ma Kina, me ka hiki ke hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki a hiki i 200,000 tons, e uhi ana i ka nui o 34,473 mika kuea, 220 mau limahana. A he hui hōʻoia ʻia mākou e FAMI-QS / ISO / GMP.

Nā lawelawe i hoʻopilikino ʻia

Hoʻopilikino ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo

Hoʻopilikino i ka Pae Maʻemaʻe

He nui nā huahana o kā mākou hui me nā ʻano pae maʻemaʻe like ʻole, ʻoi aku hoʻi e kākoʻo i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku e hana i nā lawelawe i hoʻopilikino ʻia, e like me kāu mau pono. No ka laʻana, loaʻa kā mākou huahana DMPT i nā koho maʻemaʻe 98%, 80%, a me 40%; Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Chromium picolinate me Cr 2%-12%; a hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ʻo L-selenomethionine me Se 0.4%-5%.

Hoʻopili maʻamau

Ka Hoʻopilikino ʻana

Wahi a kāu mau koi hoʻolālā, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopilikino i ka logo, ka nui, ke ʻano, a me ke ʻano o ka ʻōpala waho

ʻAʻohe ʻano hoʻokahi e kūpono i nā mea āpau? Hoʻoponopono mākou iā ia nou!

Ua maopopo iā mākou he ʻokoʻa nā mea maka, nā ʻano mahiʻai a me nā pae hoʻokele ma nā wahi like ʻole. Hiki i kā mākou hui lawelawe loea ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lawelawe hoʻopilikino hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi.

puaʻa
Hoʻopilikino i ke kaʻina hana

Hihia Holomua

ʻO kekahi mau hihia kūleʻa o ka hoʻopilikino ʻana i ka formula mea kūʻai aku

Loiloi Maikaʻi

Loiloi maikaʻi

Nā Hōʻikeʻike like ʻole a mākou e hele ai

Hōʻikeʻike
LOGO

Kūkākūkā manuahi

E noi i nā laʻana

Kāhea iā mā˚ou